Neutrosophic Finsler–Cohomological Framework for Engineering Systems under Uncertainty

Authors

Mona Gharib, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, EgyptFollow
Ghulam Muhammad, Research Institute of Business Analytics and Supply Chain Management, College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, ChinaFollow
Muhammad Idrees, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaFollow
Zeeshan Gul, College of Transportation, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaFollow

ORCID

Mona Gharib: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7367-4307

Ghulam Muhammad: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0422-7580

Muhammad Idrees: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9250-1317

Zeeshan Gul: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-867X

Article Type

Research Article

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel mathematical framework that combines Neutrosophic Finsler Geometry with Neutrosophic Cohomology for evaluating the performance of Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors under uncertain and indeterminate operating conditions. Classical motor performance models typically assume precise measurements of torque, current, and efficiency; however, in real-world settings, these parameters are often affected by noise, incomplete information, and conflicting observations. By embedding motor operating states into a neutrosophic Finsler space, the proposed approach captures variations not only in magnitude but also in direction, uncertainty, and conflict of performance metrics. In addition, neutrosophic Cohomology is employed to characterize global invariants of the system, enabling the detection of latent structural patterns in efficiency and stability under indeterminacy. Numerical examples and illustrative case studies demonstrates that the proposed framework yields richer and more robust insights than classical and fuzzy-based models. These results highlight the potential of neutrosophic mathematics as a powerful tool for modeling complex engineering systems where truth, falsity, and indeterminacy coexist.

Keywords

Neutrosophic finsler geometry, Neutrosophic cohomology, Brushless DC motors, Performance evaluation, Indeterminacy modeling, Applied neutrosophic mathematics

How to Cite

Gharib, Mona; Muhammad, Ghulam; Idrees, Muhammad; and Gul, Zeeshan (2026) "Neutrosophic Finsler–Cohomological Framework for Engineering Systems under Uncertainty," Neutrosophic Systems with Applications: Vol. 26: Iss. 2, Article 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.63689/2993-7159.1322